Gladstone, South Australia
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| Gladstone South Australia | |||||||||||||||
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 Gladstone Hotel | |||||||||||||||
  Gladstone Location in South Australia | |||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 33°16′S 138°21′E / 33.267°S 138.350°E | ||||||||||||||
| Population | 623 (UCL 2021)[1] | ||||||||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 5473 | ||||||||||||||
| Elevation | 43 m (141 ft)[2] | ||||||||||||||
| Location |
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| LGA(s) | Northern Areas Council | ||||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Stuart | ||||||||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Division of Grey | ||||||||||||||
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Gladstone (including the former town of Booyoolie)[3] is a small rural town in the Mid North of South Australia in the approach to the lower Flinders Ranges. At the 2006 census, Gladstone had a population of 629.[4]
The town services the surrounding district with two pubs, three churches, a bank, post office and several shops and small businesses providing basic goods and services. The closest hospital is 11 km away in a neighbouring rural town, but doctors take appointments in the town's medical clinic. There is a kindergarten (approximately 12 enrollments), state primary school (63), Catholic primary school (60) and a secondary school (approximately 205 students, drawn from the wider district).
Gladstone has sporting/social clubs providing for Aussie Rules football, netball, cricket, tennis, golf, lawn bowls, swimming (at the local outdoor pool) and soccer (newly formed for school-aged children), all seasonal. Sporting competitions occur between clubs from the neighbouring towns within a radius of about 75 km.
Wheat and sheep are the main farming produce of the region, but Gladstone has the largest inland grain storage facility in the Southern Hemisphere, storing wheat, barley, durum wheat, peas, faba beans and fiesta beans.
The Anglican Diocese of Willochra is based in Gladstone, with the Registry (the Diocesan Office) housed in building in the main street. In addition the Bishop of Willochra lives in Bishop's House which is on the Main North Road.
Gladstone was the home of Trend Drinks, a local soft drink manufacturer, from its founding in 1876 until it moved to Corowa, New South Wales in 2016.[5]
History
[edit]The town of Gladstone was privately laid out by Matthew Moorhouse east of the railway line in October 1872 on Section 31, Hundred of Yangya. A government town named Booyoolie was laid out in March 1875 on the western side of the railway line in the Hundred of Booyoolie. In 1940, Booyoolie was renamed Gladstone to match the private town and railway station. The name Gladstone is derived from William Ewart Gladstone, a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.[6]
During World War II, the RAAF No. 28 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot was established near Gladstone. It consisted of large tanks concealed under earthen mounds.[7] The Gladstone depot was one of 31 fuel depots established across Australia in places that were remote from airfields and immune to naval attack.[8]
Heritage listings
[edit]Gladstone has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- 42 Gladstone Street: National Australia Bank Building[9]
- 44 Gladstone Terrace: Savings Bank of South Australia Building[10]
- Ward Street: Gladstone Gaol[11]
Railways
[edit]
Gladstone is located on the main Crystal Brook-Broken Hill railway line, with branches going north and south.
Originally, all the lines were 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge narrow gauge railways, starting with the line from Port Pirie in 1875, extended to Petersburg (now Peterborough) in 1880 and to Cockburn (on the state border near Broken Hill) in 1888. A branch from Gladstone to Laura in 1884 was extended to Wilmington in 1915. The line from the south (extending the line that terminated at Blyth) was completed in 1894. In 1927, the line from Hamley Bridge through Blythe to Gladstone was converted to 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) broad gauge, making Gladstone a break-of-gauge junction.[12]
In 1970, the line from Port Pirie to Broken Hill was converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge making Gladstone into a rare three-gauge break-of-gauge junction as the Wilmington railway line to the north remained an isolated narrow gauge line.[13] In the 1980s, the broad and narrow gauge lines were closed, leaving Gladstone as a purely standard gauge station.
Journey Beyond's weekly Indian Pacific experiential train service passes Gladstone on its route but it does not stop at the station.
References
[edit]- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Gladstone (urban centre and locality)". Australian Census 2021.
- ^ "Placename Details: Gladstone Railway Station". Property Location Browser Report. Government of South Australia. 2 December 2008. SA0026183. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
- ^ "NEW TOWN NAMES APPROVED". The Advertiser (Adelaide). South Australia. 26 July 1940. p. 10. Retrieved 5 September 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Gladstone (L) (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 23 June 2008.
- ^ Mayfield, Greg (22 November 2016). "Soft-drink maker ends century tradition". The Flinders News. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^ "Place Names of South Australia – G". The Manning Index of South Australian History. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
- ^ Peter Dunn (6 September 2006). "No 28 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot (RAAF), Gladstone, South Australia, during WW2". Australia @ War. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
- ^ Peter Weston (9 April 2013). "Northam war history rediscovered". The Avon Valley Advocate. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
- ^ "Former National Australia Bank Gladstone Branch". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ "Bank SA (originally Savings Bank of SA) Building". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ "Former Gladstone Gaol". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ Horse and Steam, Wheat and Copper Callaghan, W.H. Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, January;February, 2002 pp9-27;46-63
- ^ The Triple-gauge Track of Gladstone Vincent, Graham Australian Railway History, December, 2007 pp474-479
